Many BRI projects have been criticized for lack of transparency, disregard of community concerns, and potential environmental degradation. [11] UNICEF United Kingdom, at http://www.unicef.org.uk/Education/Rights-Respecting-Schools-Award/ (viewed 13 May 2011). Police used the NSL to arrest those who shouted or held placards with the slogan at protests, and against organizers of the pro-democracy movement. third, the motivation of social action and empowerment of active citizenship to advance respect for the rights of all. It recognises the importance of ensuring a school environment free from discrimination and the central importance of schooling in contributing towards a socially cohesive society that respect and appreciates cultural, social and religious diversity. In May, Canadian research group Citizen Lab found that Chinese social media service WeChat was monitoring the content of users outside China. On 8 December 2010, all Education Ministers endorsed Australia’s first national curriculum for the four Phase 1 subjects – English, mathematics, science and history. The following are suggestions for how the elaboration of these general capabilities could further reflect the importance of human rights. Human dignity affirms that all people deserve to be respected simply because they are human beings. Human rights education is about fostering a rights respecting culture – where human rights become integrated in society at many levels, both personal and institutional. Two other democracy activists were also arrested. Ethical behaviour involves students understanding and acting in accordance with ethical principles. These principles include caring for Country, caring for each other and respecting the systems embedded in the concepts of Country and Place, People, Culture and Identity, including the links and lessons from the past. In January, authorities released He Fangmei, an activist for vaccine safety detained in March 2019. The Australian Curriculum: Science is a continually evolving body of knowledge and skills that provides students with understandings about the world we live in and the role we play in shaping it. The suggestions are integrated into the format of the Shape of the Australian Curriculum: Geography paper. Other global firms enabled Chinese authorities’ repression. Actions to improve sustainability aim to reduce our ecological footprint while simultaneously supporting a quality of life that is valued—the ‘liveability’ of our society. ACARA has adopted a consultative approach to the development of the Curriculum and engages in wide public consultations with the education community (including parents, teachers, principals and professional organisations) and other stakeholders. History provides students with an understanding and appreciation for different human experience and perspectives and enriches students’ appreciation of the nature of change. The Curriculum outlines the content that all students in Australia should be taught. The Chinese government’s response to the coronavirus outbreak was initially delayed by withholding information from the public, under-reporting cases of infection, downplaying the severity of the infection, and dismissing the likelihood of transmission between humans. In April, Beijing’s representatives in Hong Kong threatened pro-democracy legislators with “serious consequences” over their delay in selecting a new chairperson for an internal committee in the semi-democratic Legislative Council (LegCo), again interfering with the territory’s autonomy. The law also makes it harder to divorce by establishing a mandatory “cooling-off period” of 30 days for couples who apply for divorce-through-agreement. At http://www.acara.edu.au/curriculum/curriculum.html#1 (viewed 13 May 2011). It is also about embedding an understanding of human rights and Australian values as a cornerstone of our social fabric and national ethos that informs all aspects of our nation as well as our attitudes and behaviours. It does not replace the equivalent terms used in states and territories – Kindergarten (NSW/ACT), Prep (QLD/VIC/TAS), Pre-primary (WA), Reception (SA) and Transition (NT). [16] L Briskman and L Fiske ‘Teaching Human Rights at University: Critical Pedagogy in Action’ in C Newell and B Offord Activating Human Rights in Education: Exploration, Innovation and Transformation (2008) p 66. On June 30, the Chinese government bypassed LegCo and imposed a new National Security Law (NSL) on Hong Kong. Students develop an understanding of their role in respecting human rights and the value of contributing towards creating a human rights respecting culture in Australia. It requires not just imparting knowledge about human rights but also applying a human rights-based pedagogy to ensure young people learn in a rights-respecting environment – an environment that respects their rights and promotes the rights of others. © 2020 Yat Kai Yeung/NurPhoto via Getty Images, As More Climate Chaos Looms, Slashing Fossil Fuels Is Key. [12] International Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989, At http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/crc.htm (viewed 13 May 2011). By understanding democracy in terms of parliamentary and other formal procedures, the conflictive, antagonistic side of democracy – the necessary tonic that keeps it alive – is subverted for the sake of preserving the status quo. Public libraries pulled books by pro-democracy figures. The Commission believes that creating a society where all human rights are respected and promoted must start with human rights education in school. [9] Schools have also reported a reduction in disciplinary measures, an increase in school attendance, and positive shifts in classroom and playground relationships as well as relationships at home.[10]. As part of this effort, they should conduct periodic assessments to fully understand how their products and actions might affect rights like freedom of expression or privacy. Suggestions are inserted into the text and highlighted in italics. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander priority involves students actively engaging with the world’s oldest continuous living cultures and the principles and virtues that are deeply embedded within these communities. Sustainability is both an individual and a collective endeavour often shared across communities and nations necessitating a balanced but different approach to the ways humans have interacted with each other and with their biophysical environment. Human rights education aims to build an understanding and appreciation for human rights through learning about rights and learning through rights. In March, a court in Ningbo sentenced Swedish bookseller Gui Minhai to 10 years for allegedly “providing intelligence” to foreigners. They also gain an understanding of how human rights and Australian values relate to interactions with others, as well as to national and world affairs. Moreover, it is has provided schools with a framework of common values. Lee’s power grab gave mainland authorities greater control over LegCo, which in June passed a bill criminalizing “disrespect” of the Chinese national anthem. In December 2019, police across the country detained several participants at a gathering in Xiamen, Fujian province, where attendees had discussed human rights and China’s political future. 2020 marked rapid escalations in the Chinese government’s mistreatment of foreign journalists. Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people in 90 countries worldwide, spotlighting abuses and bringing perpetrators to justice, Human Rights Watch is a 501(C)(3) nonprofit registered in the US under EIN: 13-2875808, Biden’s Challenge: Redeeming a US Role for Human Rights, Addressing the Climate Crisis in Times of Pandemic, From Flight Logs to Homeschooling, Human Rights Watch Grapples with Covid’s Challenges, As Online Gender-Based Violence Booms, Governments Drag Their Feet, The Other Pandemic: Fighting Inequality as We Beat Back Covid, Poverty, Pandemic, Police Violence: Ongoing Crises Demand the US Address Pervasive Racism, over 400 civil society organizations called for an international mechanism. It leads to students developing an overall capacity to contribute to a more sustainable future in terms of environmental integrity, economic viability, and a just society for present and future generations. What would a general capability on human rights and Australian values look like? An increasing number of governments expressed public concern about China’s human rights violations in 2020, particularly in Hong Kong and Xinjiang, though relatively few took concrete action. The Curriculum does not prescribe how to deliver the content – this remains the responsibility of the relevant state and territory authorities and the schools themselves. In August, organizers of the Shanghai Pride, one of China's largest LGBT festivals, announced that they would cancel all activities and events indefinitely, citing the need to “protect the safety of all involved.”. [4]United Nations Human Rights Council, Draft plan of action for the second phase (2010-2014) of the World Programme for Human Rights Education, A/HRC/15/28, 27 July 2010. It involves the knowledge and skills to put human rights into practice and an appreciation for the value of doing this. It was revealed in January that a mainland student at the University of Minnesota was sentenced to six months in prison in November 2019 for tweets critical of President Xi he posted when he was in the US. Aaron Shull; Andre Boysen; Stephanie Carvin; and more; Gender. By engaging with the elements of human rights and Australian values learning sequence, students gain an understanding of the relevance and importance of human rights and Australian values to their everyday lives, their interactions with others as well as to national and world affairs. At http://www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/education/training/secondphase.htm (viewed 13 May 2011). It can encourage students to use mathematical concepts to understand and address social issues. It also includes appreciating and understanding what others are feeling, being able to take their perspective and interacting positively with diverse groups. While the existing draft Curriculum includes some elements that reflect human rights principles and values, it is the Commission’s view that this needs to be further strengthened. While the general capabilities do not explicitly use human rights language, three of the general capabilities closely relate to human rights. In July and August, New York Times journalist Chris Buckley and incoming Hong Kong Free Press editor Aaron Mc Nicholas were denied visas to work in the city. They are based on the Commission’s submission to ACARA Human rights in the Australian Curriculum: a guide to integrating human rights in the Geography Curriculum, 14 February 2011. Beijing in February expelled three Wall Street Journal journalists. Human rights and Australian values develop skills, attitudes and behaviours of students that reflect human rights and Australian values and that promote a fairer, more inclusive and more respectful Australia. These general capabilities aim to instil in students attitudes and behaviours that relate to human rights values and principles including those of equality, non-discrimination, respect, responsibility, human dignity, universality and participation. This came five years after Gui, a publisher of books about China’s political intrigues, was forcibly disappeared in Thailand in October 2015. Furthermore, the bi-partisan support for human rights education in Australia, reflected in statements by the Opposition leader, Mr Tony Abbott,[20] and Shadow Minister for Education, Apprenticeships and Training, Mr Christopher Pyne,[21] strengthens the case for the integration of human rights education in the national school Curriculum. Pro-democracy lawmaker Andrew Wan is arrested by riot police during a protest in Hong Kong, China, July 1, 2020. Since August 2010, the Commission has worked closely with ACARA to strengthen the inclusion of human rights and Australian values in the national school Curriculum (including through co-organising a roundtable discussion and submitting suggestions for how to strengthen the human rights content in specific areas of the Curriculum). 5.2. The cross-curriculum area relating to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories and cultures, directly reflects a focus on human rights through instilling an appreciation of the diversity and richness of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander history to contemporary Australia. Skills in recognising human rights in different situations and taking action to address human rights concerns. Or, taking steps to address a situation where the school captain/student representative for the last five years at your school has been a student from an Anglo background despite the fact the student population has over 50% of students from a culturally and linguistically diverse background. Furthermore, the cross-curriculum priority relating to Asia and Australia’s engagement with Asia incorporates a respect for the diversity of people and thus also reflects a human rights focus. Few governments in Muslim majority countries expressed concerns about abuses in Xinjiang. In May, regulations for the promotion of “Nationality Unity Model Areas” came into force, representing a new milestone for the coercive assimilationist policies of the current leadership. Human Rights Watch considers North Koreans in China as refugees sur place, meaning their arrival in China put them at risk if returned. These skills foster inclusivity and respect for difference – key human rights and Australian values. A cross-curriculum priority on human rights and Australian values will ensure every student understands the historical and contemporary importance of human rights to all aspects of Australia – from our legal and political systems to our national ethos. In August, authorities shut down Bainu, the only Mongolian-language social media site in China after Mongolian speakers posted complaints on the site about a policy that replaced Mongolian with Mandarin Chinese as the language of instruction in some classes. It has done little to reduce its emissions that contribute significantly to global warming and climate change. Civil society groups in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand have alleged BRI-backed hydroelectric dams have negatively impacted the Mekong River and caused water shortages. Authorities initially covered up news about the virus, then adopted harsh quarantine measures in Wuhan and other parts of China. Developing the skills to apply human rights in different situations and address problems from a human rights perspective involves being able to understand human rights on a practical level and adopt human rights perspectives and behaviour. 5.3. Education for human rights in the classroom’ in C Newell and B Offord Activating Human Rights in Education: Exploration, Innovation and Transformation (2008) p 41. Wan was one of the first people arrested under Hong Kong's new National Security Law. After over 120 countries supported a resolution at the World Health Organization (WHO) supporting an independent investigation, Beijing allowed a WHO team to visit the country, but the experts’ August visit did not include Wuhan. In Xinjiang, authorities forced some residents to take traditional Chinese medicine, sealed their apartment doors with iron bars, and chained those who violated lockdown measures to metal posts. It also provides teachers and parents with a clear understanding of what needs to be covered in each subject at each year level, while giving teachers the flexibility to shape their classes around the curriculum essentials. [6]Equitas International Centre for Human Rights Education Play it Fair: Human Rights Education Resource for Children, (2008). There are three main elements of human rights education: Human rights education encourages using human rights as a frame of reference in our relationships with others. In the Ngawa Tibetan region of Sichuan in November 2019, Yonten became the 156th Tibetan to set himself on fire in protest against the Chinese government since March 2009. It includes analysing a situation from a human rights perspective, identifying what steps one would need to take to ensure that the human rights of all people are respected and taking action to advance human rights. The Commission believes that human rights should be a highly visible and cross-cutting element of the Curriculum. [19] Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs, above, p 9. Students learn what ‘fairness’ means in different situations, what it means to treat someone unequally and why it is wrong, and the importance of inclusion and respect for others regardless of differences such as sex, race or disability. [22] The following text is extracted from ACARA’s ‘General capabilities: Advice for writers’ dated 3 August 2010. The government is accountable to all people in Australia as well as the international community through the United Nations human rights system, for ensuring that everyone in Australia is able to enjoy their human rights. [8] Education Services Australia, Giving Voice to the Impacts of Values Education: The Final Report of the Values in Action Schools Project, October 2010. The Chinese government’s authoritarianism was on full display in 2020 as it grappled with the deadly coronavirus outbreak first reported in Wuhan province. In October, China was elected to the UN Human Rights Council for a three-year term beginning in January 2021—with the fewest votes of any elected member. In April, after being wrongfully imprisoned for four-and-a-half years, human rights lawyer Wang Quanzhang was released from prison. Hong Kong’s education chief banned the protest anthem “Glory to Hong Kong” from schools. Outlined below is the proposed content for a cross-curriculum priority on human rights and Australian values. Intensified surveillance and intimidation in neighborhoods, workplaces, and homes has prevented public protest, a goal emphasized repeatedly by leading officials. Entrepreneur Ren Zhiqiang wrote an essay calling Xi “a clown who desires power,” while former Central Party school teacher Cai Xia called the Chinese Communist Party a “political zombie.” Ren received an extraordinarily lengthy prison sentence—18 years—in September; Cai fled into exile. Learning Area Statements (for Phase 1 subjects only), English: Human rights and Australian values. Understanding human rights principles and recognising human rights violations. This priority is concerned with building a culture of human rights – a culture which respects and appreciates diversity, values everyone as equals, and does not tolerate discrimination of any kind. Chinese authorities’ silencing of human rights defenders, journalists, and activists, and restrictions on the internet, also make it difficult to obtain accurate information about Chinese government policies and actions. 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