Early European settlers called bands of Lenape by the Unami place name for where they lived, such as "Raritan" in Staten Island and New Jersey, "Canarsee" in Brooklyn, and "Hackensack" in New Jersey across the Hudson River from Lower Manhattan. [12] Later, the Dutch West Indies Company imported African slaves to serve as laborers; they helped to build the wall that defended the town against English and Indian attacks. [39] Many blacks left the city and moved to Brooklyn. Purchased from the Canarsie Indians for 60 guilders, or $23.70, Manhattan Island, is now worth more than $60 billion. Why such a high number? Lawyers became more specialized and built their reputation, and their fee schedule, on the basis of their reputation for success. An Historical Sketch of Columbia College, in the City of New York, 1754-1876. Finally a Bar Association emerged in 1869 that proved successful and continues to operate. [38] Public-minded members of the old merchant aristocracy pressed for a Central Park, which was opened to a design competition in 1857; it became the first landscape park in an American city. Building. The Dutch build the first permanent trading post at New York, Peter Minuit buys the island of Manhattan from the Native Americans, The first black slaves arrive in New York, A Swede called Jonas Bronck settles in the Bronx, which is named after him. This period started with the 1855 inauguration of Fernando Wood as the first mayor from Tammany Hall, an Irish immigrant-supported Democratic Party political machine that dominated local politics throughout this period and into the 1930s. New York grew as an economic center, first as a result of Alexander Hamilton's policies and practices as the first Secretary of the Treasury. In response, the city made great advancements in the fire department, building codes, and workplace regulations. In addition, the British began to hold the majority of captured American prisoners of war aboard prison ships in Wallabout Bay, across the East River in Brooklyn. Citizen rebellion stopped a plan to construct an expressway through Lower Manhattan. David R. Goldfield and Blaine A. Brownell. For most New Yorkers, there's nothing really new here; we've all heard it before. Art Deco architecture—such as the iconic Chrysler Building, Empire State Building, and 30 Rockefeller Plaza— came to define the city's skyline. Then in 1624 the Dutch established the first stable trade post. Like many major U.S. cities, New York suffered race riots, gang wars and some population decline in the late 1960s. On August 27, 1664, four English frigates under the command of Col. Richard Nicolls sailed into New Amsterdam's harbor and demanded New Netherland's surrender, as part of an effort by king Charles' brother James, Duke of York, the Lord High Admiral to provoke the Second Anglo-Dutch War. Many large corporations moved their headquarters to the suburbs or to distant cities. Located at 502 Park Avenue at 59th Street, Trump Park Avenue is considered one of New York’s most coveted residential properties. The team will play in a hastily constructed, all-wood park at 168th Street and Broadway. Suburbs existed, but they were largely bedroom communities for commuters to the central city. In 1789, New York became the first national capital of the United States under the new United States Constitution. The oldest recorded house still in existence in New York, the Pieter Claesen Wyckoff House in Brooklyn, dates from 1652. In following years, New York's economic and industrial growth made appropriate the title "The Empire State," an expression possibly originated by George Washington in 1784. The area that eventually encompassed modern day New York was inhabited by the Lenape people. 1879 After many experiments, Thomas Edison invented an incandescent light bulb that could be used for about 40 hours without burning out. During the Third Anglo-Dutch War, the Dutch briefly recaptured the city in 1673, renaming the city "New Orange", before permanently ceding the colony of New Netherland to the English for what is now Suriname in November 1674 at the Treaty of Westminster. The Bronx has experienced an economic and developmental resurgence starting in the late 1980s that continues into today.[49]. [48] During the late 1960s, the views of real estate developer and city leader Robert Moses began to fall out of favor as the anti-urban renewal views of Jane Jacobs gained popularity. Thomas Edison founded the Edison Electric Light Co. (US), in New York City. The Harlem Renaissance flourished during the 1920s and the era of Prohibition. Ellis Island Public Health Service Physicians | © NIAID/Flickr. Under the new government the city hosted the inauguration of George Washington as the first President of the United States, the drafting of the United States Bill of Rights, and the first Supreme Court of the United States. European exploration continued on September 2, 1609, when the Englishman Henry Hudson, in the employ of the Dutch East India Company, sailed the Half Moon through the Narrows into Upper New York Bay. Federal Hall is built. Edwin G. Burrows. The city became a haven for loyalist refugees, becoming a British stronghold for the entire war. [53], History of the city in New York, United States, English rule and American Revolution: 1664–1783. Together with its growing immigrant population, which was angry about conscription, sympathies among residents were divided for both the Union and Confederacy at the outbreak of war. The Historical Atlas of New York City: A Visual Celebration of 400 Years of New York City's History. This section of the website, adapted from the Parks booklet, Three Hundred Years of Parks: A Timeline of New York City Park History, acknowledges the importance of parks in the history of New York, and we hope it will encourage people to find out more about the history of parks. The "Sons of Liberty" campaigned against British authority in New York City, and the Stamp Act Congress of representatives from throughout the Thirteen Colonies met in the city in 1765 to organize resistance to Crown policies. They also harvested vast quantities of fish and shellfish from the bay. 1700 New York has a population of about 5,000. [24], For the next century, various attempts were made, and failed, to build an effective organization of lawyers. It is the city's worst maritime disaster. Since adoption of the country’s first Zoning Resolution in 1916, New York City has played a seminal role in the history and development of planning and zoning. Phelps Stokes; The Iconography of Manhattan Island Vol 1. Tensions related to the war culminated in the Draft Riots of 1863 by ethnic white immigrants, who attacked black neighborhood and abolitionist homes. Modern New York traces its development to the consolidation of the five boroughs in 1898 and an economic and building boom following the Great Depression and World War II. As of October 5th, 2020, New York City has reported over 252,000 COVID-19 cases and 23,861 deaths. Thatched roofs are banned because of the risk of fire, Dutch farmers build a village called Nieuw Haarlem, The first settlement is made on Staten Island. There are alot of builidings and landmarks to explore. For most New Yorkers, there's nothing really new here; we've all heard it before. In the late 1990s, the city benefited from the success of the financial sectors, such as Silicon Alley, during the dot com boom, one of the factors in a decade of booming real estate values. The Stamp Act Congress met in New York City in 1765 in the first organized resistance to British authority across the colonies. [50] Hurricane Sandy brought a destructive storm surge to New York in the evening of October 29, 2012, flooding numerous streets, tunnels, and subway lines in Lower Manhattan. If you take a In 1978, Terence Cardinal Cooke, Archbishop of New York, agreed to foster a relationship. Street activists and minority groups such as the Black Panthers and Young Lords organized rent strikes and garbage offensives, demanding improved city services for poor areas. The Playnes' TIMELINE HISTORY OF NEW YORK CITY is a convenient guide through New York's long and rich history. 1754 - The French and Indian War begins. The construction of the Rockefeller Center occurred in the 1930s and was the largest-ever private development project at the time. The first Dutch fur trading posts and settlements were in 1614 near present-day Albany, New York, the same year that New Netherland first appeared on maps. For most New Yorkers, there's nothing really new here; we've all heard it before. Jackson, Kenneth T. and David S. Dunbar, eds. Construction of the new British colonial New York City Hall begins on the site of today’s Federal Hall. (Lewis was the Chief Engineer of the City of New York Board of Estimate and Apportionment) publication : 1917 The Queens Historical Society (QHS) is the historical society for the largest borough in New York City and is dedicated to preserving the history of Queens through educational programs, exhibitions and its role as a local history research center. The Stamp Act and other British measures fomented dissent, particularly among Sons of Liberty who maintained a long-running skirmish with locally stationed British troops over Liberty Poles from 1766 to 1776. The Woolworth Building is erected. discovered New York Harbor in 1524. Interborough Rapid Transit (the first New York City Subway company) began operating in 1904, and the railroads operating out of Grand Central Terminal and Pennsylvania Station thrived. During the American Civil War (1861–1865), the city was affected by its history of strong commercial ties to the South; before the war, half of its exports were related to cotton, including textiles from upstate mills. Prof. Scott Campbell (Urban & Regional Planning Program, University Of Michigan). It was completed and opened in 1704. Built in 1929 and located on famed Park Avenue in New York City, the property and its location were ideal for condominium residences. Bill for veterans, stimulating the development of huge suburban tracts in eastern Queens and Nassau County. The city was extensively photographed during the post–war years by photographer Todd Webb.[47]. [36] Government institutions, including the New York City Police Department and the public schools, were established in the 1840s and 1850s to respond to growing demands of residents.[37]. Throughout its history, New York has served as a main port of entry for many immigrants, and its cultural and economic influence has made it one of the most important urban areas in the United States and the world. • Abu-Lughod, Janet L. New York, Chicago, Los Angeles: America's Global Cities (U of Minnesota Press, 1999), Compares the three cities in terms of geography, economics and race from 1800 to 1990 1776 - July 9 - Existing as a colony of Great Britain for over a century, New York declared its independence becoming one of the original 13 states of the Federal Union. Lawyers were essential to the rapidly growing international trade, dealing with questions of partnerships, contracts, and insurance. (Reis 2009) 1900 March 24 Construction of the IRT subway begins (Reis 2009) 1903 October 24 Ten workers are killed in the Fort George Tunnel explosion (Reis 2009) 1904 October 27 The official opening and dedication of the first … He came out of the Harlem Clubhouse. He bought a number of patents related to electric lighting and began experiments to develop a practical, long-lasting light bulb. 1898 Greater New York City is formed. The Official Site of Major League Baseball. Thomas Edison founded the Edison Electric Light Co. (US), in New York City. Both before and especially after World War II, vast areas of the city were also reshaped by the construction of bridges, parks and parkways coordinated by Robert Moses, the greatest proponent of automobile-centered modernist urbanism in America. The beaver's importance in New York's history is reflected by its use on the city's official seal. The Pavonia Massacre, across the Hudson River in present-day Jersey City, resulted in the death of 80 natives in February 1643. Did you know that 40 percent of today's American population had an ancestor walk through the immigration office at Ellis Island in New York City? [26], By the 1740s, 20% of the residents of New York were slaves,[27] totaling about 2,500 people. After the seizure of the colony in 1664, the slave trade continued to be legal. In 1609, Henry Hudson led the first Dutch expedition to New York.Commissioned by the Dutch East India Company, the Halve Maen sailed from Amsterdam and dropped anchor in what would become New York Harbor. https://classicnewyorkhistory.com/macys-department-store-history-and-info Some modern place names such as Raritan Bay and Canarsie are derived from Lenape names. New York was also able to attract more business and convert abandoned industrialized neighborhoods into arts or attractive residential neighborhoods; examples include the Meatpacking District and Chelsea (in Manhattan) and Williamsburg (in Brooklyn). They also set up free health clinics and other programs, as a guide for organizing and gaining "Power to the People." In Chinatown there is the oldest Catholic church builiding. New York emerged from the war as the leading city of the world, with Wall Street leading the United States ascendancy. Early directors included Willem Verhulst and Peter Minuit. 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