In 1933 Fiorello La Guardia (at the time he was a member of the House of Representatives from New York, and in 1934 became mayor of New York City) started a campaign to shut down all burlesque Theater in the city. Schwab, Eric. Through the newspaper articles about the grand reopening of the Apollo Theater in the New York Times and United Press International, we can see how important this building means to the people of the city. Accessed April 26, 2020. http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/exhibitions/ongoing/black-capital-harlem-1920s-0. Other artists that performed at the Apollo before their career took off, were James Brown, Billie Holiday, Luther Vandross, B.B. To add to the fact that the Apollo Theater was this cultural icon Stephan Holden from the New York Times wrote: “the Theater often known as ‘the big top,’ gained an international reputation as a performance center for top black musicians[8]” (Stephan Holden). In 1934 though Sidney Cohen reopened the Theater with his partner Morris Sussman. Smithsonian Primary Sources in U.S. History, Accessed 31 Mar. “APOLLO THEATER HISTORY.” Apollo Theater. Burlesque Theaters were normally geared towards males and the Theaters would have stage entertainment; this entertainment would often have women performing in the nude. And in 1991 the Apollo Theater Foundation Inc. was founded to run the Apollo Theater to what it is today. However, with $4 million worth of renovations done by Inner-City Broadcasting Corporation[9], the grand reopening was ready, and what a night it was. This quote shows the power that James Brown’s performance had; this performance was able to help Brown be considered one of the greatest acts ever to perform in the Apollo Theater. “This Harlem Life: Black Families and Everyday Life in the 1920S and 1930S.” Journal of Social History 44, no. Not only were the demographics shifting in Harlem, but the Apollo Theater would soon find itself vacant. Overall the history of the Apollo Theater is a long one full of peaks and valleys. This soul has helped bring many highlights to the famed Theater. The Apollo Theater stands as one of the few buildings in this world that can connect millions of people to it to matter race, religion, or sexual orientation. [8] Holden, Stephen. https://www.apollotheater.org/about/history/, https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/cops-raided-nyc-minsky-burlesque-incorporated-filth-article-1.2903311, http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/exhibitions/ongoing/black-capital-harlem-1920s-0, https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/great-migration, https://www.upi.com/Archives/1985/05/05/Harlems-historic-Apollo-Theater-celebrated-its-50th-anniversary-with/6648484113600/, https://www.phillipscollection.org/migration_series/popups/popups22.htm. The Apollo Hall changed ownerships and lessee's a few times until around 1925 when Miles Fox bought the theater. The Apollo has had many owners in its 112-year history, including Andrew Lloyd Webber's Really Useful Group. New York Daily News, April 7, 2018. https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/cops-raided-nyc-minsky-burlesque-incorporated-filth-article-1.2903311. doi:10.1080/10702890500203629. Designed by the architect Lewin Sharp for owner Henry Lowenfeld, it became the fourth legitimate theatre to be constructed on the street when it opened its doors on 21 February 1901, with the American musical comedy The Belle of Bohemia. The first has to be the most influential moment of the Apollo Theater’s history and that is when it created its Amateur Night back in 1934. As ApolloTheater.org writes “the quintessential talent competition, serving as the model for Star Search and American Idol… The show marries world-class talent with a distinctive, vaudeville-like atmosphere, and has depended on audience participation since the very beginning. History.com Editors. The Apollo Theater had another big-time highlight in the fall of 1962 and that was James Brown visiting the Apollo Theater. Apollo” Mitchell. The competition-style was also revolutionary. These two men once obtaining the lease called this new Theater the Hurtig and Seamon’s New Burlesque Theater. Spotnitz, Frank. This night showcased many individuals who were not famous but looking to become famous in the future. This left all of the poorer individuals to stay, and the Apollo Theater could not generate revenue. Accessed April 1, 2020. https://www.phillipscollection.org/migration_series/popups/popups22.htm. Both of these men’s families would own the Apollo Theater until the late 1970s. The Apollo Theatre is a Grade II listed West End theatre, on Shaftesbury Avenue in the City of Westminster, in central London. Your Historic Tour connects the past, present and future through the entertaining and inspiring storytelling of Billy “Mr. Apollo Theater's Amateur Night Finale Ends in a Tie - Article de Rachel Stern paru dans DNAInfo.com le 28 octobre 2010. Accessed March 31, 2020.   https://www.apollotheater.org/about/history/. What will be discussed is the history of the Apollo Theater to what it is present day, the highlights of the Theater, what the primary sources can reveal about the Apollo Theater, and how the Apollo Theater has helped our learning of the city of New York and America as a whole for the time that it has been around. It has not only been a staple of the community of Harlem but the City of New York as a whole for many generations. This greater influx in African Americans was in part because of the Great Migration[5]. Robertson, Stephen, Shane White, Stephen Garton, and Graham White. The doors of the theater reopened in 1934 and the type of entertainment changed at the theater to variety type shows, the first act being an "all color review" called Jazz a la carte. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. “Apollo Theater Celebrates Its Return.” New York Times, May 5, 1985. https://search.proquest.com/docview/111304676?accountid=13793. Your tour ends onstage where you can touch the Tree of Hope. Explore the legendary history of the Apollo Theater and gain behind-the-scenes access to our legendary venue. “Harlem’s Historic Apollo Theater Celebrated Its 50th Anniversary with…” United Press International . This Theater was designed to only show burlesque shows and actually, African Americans were not allowed to be patrons nor were they given the right to perform. 2005. The reopening was recorded so it could play on NBC in a few weeks’ time. The landmark in New York City that is being focused on is the Apollo Theater. Although the area surrounding the theater was predominantly populated by African Americans, they still were not allowed to be apart of the shows at the 125th Street Apollo Theatre, nor were they able to be apart of the audience. May 5, 1985. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1985/05/05/Harlems-historic-Apollo-Theater-celebrated-its-50th-anniversary-with/6648484113600/. Apollo Theater. When there are times of tragedy, Without the Apollo, the African American culture wouldn't have this platform to develop and display all of the musical and artistic talent that was. This was an important event for the Theater because this Theater had become ingrained in American culture and was an important artifact in the history of the city of New York. 1932 Sidney Cohen, President of the Motion Picture Theater Owners of America, buys the This visit came during an intense time in the United States. The Phillips Collection. [2] “Exhibitions.” Black Capital: Harlem in the 1920s | The New York State Museum. [5] History.com Editors. “When Cops Raided NYC’s Minsky’s Burlesque for ‘Incorporated Filth’.” nydailynews.com. This was when the world thought that on any given day the United States and Cuba were going to launch missiles at each other to signal the start of World War Three. 1 (Fall 2010): 98. doi:10.1353/jsh.2010.0003. Bovsun, Mara. "With 1883 as the date appearing on the front of the building, it's hard to dispute how old the structure is, but a history of Princeton High School commencements- printed in 1902 - reveals that the class of 1884 held its commencement serving as a dedication for the still uncompleted building"1. In 1934, the Amateur Hour at the Apollo began every Wednesday and these weekly shows became legendary and the birth place of the careers of many legendary artists. 1 (Fall 2010): 98. doi:10.1353/jsh.2010.0003. The Apollo Theater throughout its 106-year history has had many highlights. In 1928, when the theater transitioned from its original owners, it was during the time of the Great Migration and the area surrounding the theater then became a residential area for African Americans. Instead what happened was the people in charge drove the poor African American community away, and when that happened Harlem lost the culture that it had cultivated for the last 30-40 years. Miles Fox of Princeton was the father of Virgil Fox, the famous organist. A&E Television Networks, March 4, 2010. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/great-migration. This just shows how influential these nights were too young up and coming talents who were trying to make it in the industry. For example, the magically night of the grand reopening, the dazzling performances on amateur night, or the night in 1962 when James Brown imprinted his legacy on the stage. Its current owners are the veteran producers Nica Burns and … This was because of Harlem in the ’70s becoming poor because many that could afford to move outdid. Today it is a center for concerts, performing arts, education, and community outreach programs. The popularity contest has proven an effective measure of star potential, becoming a launchpad for some of the nation’s greatest entertainers[7]” (“History & Legacy”). A Brief History of Princeton's Apollo Theater "With 1883 as the date appearing on the front of the building, it's hard to dispute how old the structure is, but a history of Princeton High School commencements- printed in 1902 - reveals that the class of 1884 held its commencement serving as a dedication for the still uncompleted building" 1 . In the beginning mainly used as an opera hall and vaudeville stage, the first projection machine was installed around 1910. doi:10.1080/10702890500203629. “Apollo Theater Marquee.” Smithsonian Primary Sources in U.S. History, Gale, 1950. However, demographics were shifting and from 1910 to 1930 the demographics changed in Harlem. The Theater has played host to many artists such as Duke Ellington, Sammy Davis Jr., Jimi Hendrix, The Jackson Five, Ne-Yo, and many others. Weekly talent shows began to take place, which attracted large crowds and amazing talent. The African American population in Harlem rose over 40% in this time creating a new kind of audience for the Theater[2]. Along with the new theme and name of the Theater was the new market that Cohen and Sussman wanted to target. This night was a springboard for a lot of young talented artists. Communists, Homo-Conservatives, and Secrecy: A Dive Into New York City’s Mattachine Society. [4]Bovsun, Mara. The Apollo Theater would hold different kinds of performances like variety shows, stand up comedy, music, and talent in general. It was tough trying to narrow down the biggest most defining moments of the Theater, but here are some. It wasn't until the 125th Street Apollo Theatre was bought out again by new owners Sydney Cohen and Morris Sussman in 1932 that things began to change at the theater.

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